Table of Contents
Introduction
Globalization is an economical, social, political, technical, and cultural method on a planetary scale, characterized by progressive integration and also interaction between countries, people, and institutions.
In a broad sense, the origins of globalization date back to the Age of Discovery, between the 15th and 17th centuries, when Europeans explored the Americas and other regions of the world. More precisely, it is often noted that Globalization began at the end of the Second World War in 1945 and intensified with the end of the Cold War at the end of the 20th century. The process is continuing, mainly thanks to the development of computer networks ( Internet ) and also new telecommunications technologies, which have brought geographically distant populations and markets into contact.
Characteristics of Globalization
The main characteristics of Globalization can be precised as follows:
- Internationalization of markets. Goods and services travel rapidly to any part of the world, and productive, commercial, and also financial capitals circulate freely.
- Implementation of a global culture. Communities that have never interacted with each other push them towards a new model of culture less rooted in the local, which leads to the adoption of similar customs, values , and also artistic expressions worldwide.
- Dependence on the new ICTs. The Internet and telecommunications are vital to the global model since they allow operations to be carried out in record time throughout the world.
- They are overcoming geographical barriers. The end of borders and the construction of a global society is the final destination of Globalization, so its operations do not pay much attention to national borders or nationalities.
Types of Globalization
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Globalization of the Economy
Economic Globalization consists in creating a world market without tariff barriers to allow the free movement of capital, be it financial, commercial or productive.
The emergence of economic blocs, i.e., states that come together to promote trade relations, as is the case with Mercosur or the European Union, is the result of this financial process.
In the 21st century, economic Globalization has further intensified, affecting the labor market and international trade.
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Political
Globalization has led to the creation and development of various mechanisms to respond to and also solve many problems that have become global and affect us all. Some examples include climate change, poverty rates, use of natural resources.
For this reason, international institutions and organizations, such as the United Nations (UN), have been created to address these issues and offer the best possible solution.
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Technological
Technological Globalization includes contact with information, and also the Internet, the media, and various technical and scientific advances in industry and also health.
We live in an attached world; information is exchanged faster and also over greater distances, and also people are better informed about what is happening in their country and the world through the different communication channels.
What is Globalization in Geography?
In geography, globalization is definite as the set of procedures (economic, social, cultural, technological, official) that donate to the relationship between societies and individuals worldwide. Therefore, It is a liberal process by which contacts and flows between diverse parts of the world intensify.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization
Globalization leads to a series of positive and also negative actions. Which is why the advantages and also disadvantages of this great integration process are mentioned.
The Advantages Of Globalization Would Be:
- Development Of A Global Market;
- Business Interconnection With Access To Computing Resources;
- Better Access To Information;
- Movement Of Goods And Imported Products;
- Increased Foreign Investment;
- Exponential Development Of International Trade;
- Promotion Of International Relations;
- Cultural Exchange Process;
- Increased Tourism;
- Technological Development.
Among the Disadvantages of Globalization are:
- The Incapacity Of The Nation-State As An Organ Of Control And Administration;
- Hinder Or Strangle The Development Of Local Commerce;
- Increase In Foreign Interventionism;
- Concentration Of Capital In Large Multinational Or Transnational Corporations;
- The Widening Of The Gap In The Distribution Of Wealth;
- Building A Global Cultural Hegemony That Threatens Local Identities;
- Consumption Homogeneity.
Examples of Globalization
Today it is calm to find examples of Globalization in our daily lives therefore, we consider the following criteria:
- Therefore, food is one of the most globalized aspects and also we can buy a hamburger or a pizza anywhere in the world without having to be in the country where that food was develop.
- Audio-Visual Content. Thus, Streaming platforms let us listen to songs from any artist on the planet or watch a US-produced series from anywhere.
- Learn new languages. It is one of the most evocative examples of this process. Therefore learning new languages is associated with an increasingly globalized world where there is a need to be able to communicate with everyone on the planet.
Conclusion
Globalization or Globalization is the process of interaction and also integration between people, businesses, and governments around the world. It has been faster since the 18th century due to advances in transportation and communication technologies.